こんばんは。
今回は中３レベル（高校受験レベル）になります。

（１）If you walk a little faster, you'll catch the first train.
          = (          ) a little faster, (          ) you'll miss the first train.
（２）They showed us some pictures.
          = Some pictures (             ) (            ) (             ) us.
（３）No other student in our class plays soccer as well as Tom does.
          = Tom is the (             ) at (              ) soccer in our class.
（４）My father gave me a pen, but I lost it.
          = I lost the pen (             ) (             ) me by my father.
（５）My grandfather has been dead for three years.
           = Three years (          ) (           ) since my grandfather (        ).
（６）I haven't written to him for a long time.
          = He (              ) (              ) from me for a long time.
（７）I have a dog. Its ears are black.
          = I have a dog (               ) (               ) black ears.
          = I have a dog (               ) (               ) are black.
（８）I said to them, "You'll be sad to know it."
          = I (          ) them (           ) (           ) sad when (         ) (        ) it.
（９）You ought to take care of this dog which is sick in bed.
          = You (             ) look (               ) this dog which is sick in bed.
（１０）He decided to study abroad because he was interested in foreign 　　　　cultures.
    = He decided to go abroad to (            ) because (              ) his (                 ) 　　in foreign cultures.

【解答】
（１）If you walk a little faster, you'll catch the first train.
          = (  walk   ) a little faster, (   or    ) you'll miss the first train.
          命令文,　の後ろがmiss the first train（⊖内容）になっているからor。
（２）They showed us some pictures.
          = Some pictures (   were    ) (  shown   ) (   to    ) us.
　　　showはgive型と同じでうしろにtoを使って相手を表せる。
（３）No other student in our class plays soccer as well as Tom does.
          = Tom is the (   best   ) at (  playing   ) soccer in our class.
          be good at～の最上級版。
（４）My father gave me a pen, but I lost it.
          = I lost the pen (    given    ) (    to      ) me by my father.
　　　the penの内容を後置修飾。penとgivenは受身関係。
（５）My grandfather has been dead for three years.
           = Three years (  have    ) (  passed    ) since my grandfather (  died    ).
           Three yearsが主語だからpassを動詞に使う。
（６）I haven't written to him for a long time.
          = He (   hasn't   ) (   heard    ) from me for a long time.
          IとHeの主語が変わっているから内容も逆になる。write to～の反対は
　  　hear from～「～から便りがある」
（７）I have a dog. Its ears are black.
          = I have a dog (   which    ) (    has    ) black ears.
          = I have a dog (   whose   ) (    ears    ) are black.
　　  whichは主格の関係代名詞だからa dogに対して三単現のs必要。
　　  whoseのうしろに冠詞などがない名詞がある。
（８）I said to them, "You'll be sad to know it."
          = I (   told    ) them (   they'd    ) (   be   ) sad when (  they   ) (  knew  ) it.
　　 tell 人 thatのthat省略型。youは「あなた方」という意味。willの過去形
　　wouldなど時制の一致に気をつける。
（９）You ought to take care of this dog which is sick in bed.
          = You (    should    ) look (   after   ) this dog which is sick in bed.
　　　should=ought to、take care of＝look after
（１０）He decided to study abroad because he was interested in foreign 　　　　cultures.
    = He decided to go abroad to (   study    ) because (    of     ) his (  interest  ) 　　in foreign cultures.
　　study abroad=go abroad to study
　　because ofを使っているからうしろは名詞。

いかがでしたか。
台風で大変な時期ですが、ぜひとも英語学習に活かしてみてください。