漱石と庄内の文人たち（Ⅱ）５

５　漱石と阿部次郎　（１）

　阿部次郎(一八八三・明治十六～一九五九・昭和三十四、東京帝国大学哲学科卒、哲学者・評論家）は山形県酒田市（旧松山町）に生まれた。明治二十九年に荘内中学に入学し、この頃から哲学を志していた。二年後、小学校校長や県視学（教育に関する視察・監督・指導の官職）を勤めていた父の転任で山形中学に転校。五年生の時に特待生に選ばれたが、校長排斥運動で四人の仲間とともに放校処分を受けた。上京して京北中学に編入。明治三十四年に第一高等学校に入学し、岩波茂雄、安倍能成、一級下の斎藤茂吉などと交わった。その後、東京帝大哲学科に入学。卒業すると夏目漱石の「木曜会」(明治三十九～)門下生となり、漱石主宰「朝日文芸欄」執筆を始めた。そして、一九一四年（大正三）四月、その名を不朽のものとする『三太郎の日記』（第壱）が刊行された。後に第参まで刊行された。二十五歳～三十一歳までの内面思索の記録で、個人の内面を追究，理想主義的な人格主義を説いた。四十歳で東北帝大教授になり、六十二歳で退官。その間、日本文化や芭蕉、ゲーテやニーチェ研究などで優れた業績をあげた。山形県松山町(現・酒田市)に「阿部記念館」がある。また、東北大学文学部は彼の没後四十年にあたる平成十一年十月に「阿部次郎記念館」（宮城県仙台市青葉区米ヶ袋三丁目四―二十九）を開館した。
　阿部次郎は安倍能成(教育、哲学)、小宮豊隆(独文、評論)、森田草平(詩、小説)とともに「漱石門下の四天王」のひとりに数えられるようになった。小宮豊隆とともに東北大学附属図書館に「漱石文庫」を成立させ、漱石の後輩にあたり、英国留学時にも漱石と交流を持った詩人・英文学者土井晩翠による「晩翠文庫」や、小宮豊隆の「小宮文庫」、自らの蔵書である「阿部文庫」として特殊文庫に加わっている。
 

Soseki and Writers of Shonai (II)　５

5  Soseki and Jiro Abe (1)

　　　Jiro Abe (1883, Meiji 16-1959, Showa 34, Graduated from the Department of Philosophy, Tokyo Imperial University, Philosopher,　author/critic) was born in Sakata City (formerly Matsuyama Town), Yamagata Prefecture. He entered Shonai Junior High School in 1899, and from around this time, he aspired to study philosophy. Two years later, he transferred to Yamagata Junior High School due to the transfer of his father, who was working as an elementary school principal and a prefectural inspector (an official position responsible for inspecting, supervising, and guiding education). When he was in the fifth grade, he was selected as a special student but was expelled from school along with four of his classmates for a campaign to expel the principal. He moved to Tokyo and transferred to Keihoku Junior High School. He entered Daiichi High School in 1901, where he interacted with Shigeo Iwanami, Yoshishige Abe, and Mokichi Saito, who was one grade below him. Afterward, he entered the Department of Philosophy at Tokyo Imperial University. After graduating, he became a disciple of Natsume Soseki's ``Mokuyou-kai'' (Meiji 39-), and began writing for Soseki's ``Asahi Literary Column''. Then, in April 1914 (Taisho 3), ``Santaro's Diary'' (Vol. 1), which immortalized his name, was published. It was later published in its first edition. A record of his inner thoughts from the ages of 25 to 31, he explored the inner world of the individual and preached idealistic individualism. He became a professor at Tohoku Imperial University at the age of 40 and retired at the age of 62. During that time, he made outstanding achievements in research on Japanese culture, Basho, Goethe, and Nietzsche. The Abe Memorial Museum is located in Matsuyama Town (now Sakata City), Yamagata Prefecture. Additionally, the Tohoku University Faculty of Letters opened the ``Abe Jiro Memorial Hall'' (3-4-29 Yonegabukuro, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi Prefecture) in October 1999, 40 years after his death.
Jiro Abe has come to be counted as one of the ``Four Kings of Soseki's disciples,'' along with Yoshishige Abe (education, philosophy), Toyotaka Komiya (German writing, criticism), and Sohei Morita (poetry, novels). Together with Toyotaka Komiya, he established the ``Soseki Bunko'' at the Tohoku University Library.　The ``Bansui Bunko'' by Doi Bansui, a poet and English literature scholar who was Soseki's junior and had contact with Soseki when he studied abroad in the UK, and the ``Komiya Bunko'' by Toyotaka Komiya. '', has been added to the special library as ``Abe Bunko'', which is his collection.
　（To be continued）