東京大学入試問題（2020年2月26日実施）の英語４Bの読解問題（英文和訳）の解答・解説・和訳です。受験した人だけでなく、東大志望者の方や教員の方も是非参考にしてください。＊解答と和訳は東大発表のものではありません。

以下の英文を読み，下線部(ア). (イ). (ウ)を和訳せよ。下線部(イ)を訳す際には，“that same pool"が何を指しているかを明らかにせよ。＊下線部分は太字として処理しています。

　The social psychologist and writer Daniel Gilbert suggests that human beings are "works in progress that mistakenly think they're finished." And he claims, "the person you are right now doesn't remain as it is. It is as temporary as all the people you've ever been. The one constant in our lives is change." (ア)Time is a powerful force, he says, and one that perpetually revises our values, personalities, and preferences in everything from music and the places we would like to go to friendship.
　Researchers at the University of Edinburgh, who conducted the longest-ever study of the stability of human character, have come to a similar conclusion, finding that those qualities that seemed to mark us as teenagers could be almost gone in our later lives. Characteristics might appear stable over short periods of time but change over decades. The researchers used data taken from a part of the 1947 Scottish Mental Survey, which tracked development in a pool of 70,805 children. They used a smaller sample of 1,208 fourteen-year-olds to study personality stability in the kids as they went from being adolescents to adults. The survey had identified six particular characteristics: self-confidence, determination, mood stability, sincerity, originality, and the desire to learn. (イ)In 2012, an attempt was made to track down that same pool of participants and, of those found, 174 agreed to take part in the continued research. They were asked to rate themselves on these same six characteristics and the degree to which they remained dominant factors in their behavior; family members, partners, and friends close to the participants were also asked to assess the continued presence of the earlier characteristics. The results determined that (ウ)while some of these characteristics remained steady over shorter periods of the participants' lives, most of them, with the exception of mood stability, had changed markedly, sometimes vanishing entirely.

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